منابع مشابه
Commensals: Underappreciated Reservoir of Antibiotic Resistance
A ntibiotic resistance, reported for sulfonamides in the mid-1930s and for penicillins in the 1940s, remains a stubborn quandary. What was once confined mainly to hospitals increasingly involves multidrug resistance that encompasses communities and encircles the globe. Virtually all types of bacterial infections are becoming resistant to antibiotic treatments, according to officials at the Cent...
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Since the advent of microbiology, it has been well known that each human body hosts a multitude of microbes. The magnitude of our microbial system is best reflected by the widely discussed ratio of one human cell to ten microbes. Indeed, humans and other mammals live in a consortium composed of vast arrays of viruses (these are typically called the virome), archaea and bacteria (i.e., the micro...
متن کاملDemodex Mites - Commensals, Parasites or Mutualistic Organisms?
ated, he proposed that the life cycle of D. folliculorum mites was about 14.5 days. He also demonstrated that all life stages of these mites were negatively phototaxic, that is they were more mobile in a dark environment and relatively inert when bright light was shone on them. However, until optimal in vitro culture techniques and conditions allow Demodex proliferation in the laboratory, the t...
متن کاملAdaptive immunity to murine skin commensals.
The adaptive immune system provides critical defense against pathogenic bacteria. Commensal bacteria have begun to receive much attention in recent years, especially in the gut where there is growing evidence of complex interactions with the adaptive immune system. In the present study, we observed that commensal skin bacteria are recognized by major populations of T cells in skin-draining lymp...
متن کاملDemodex Mites - Commensals, Parasites or Mutualistic Organisms?
ated, he proposed that the life cycle of D. folliculorum mites was about 14.5 days. He also demonstrated that all life stages of these mites were negatively phototaxic, that is they were more mobile in a dark environment and relatively inert when bright light was shone on them. However, until optimal in vitro culture techniques and conditions allow Demodex proliferation in the laboratory, the t...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1877
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/016362b0